ABSTRACT
Aim: To perform a comparative analysis between two methods for detecting Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas endodontalis in periodontal plaque samples. Methods: The study sample consisted of twenty systemically healthy patients showing generalized chronic periodontitis. The subgingival samples for microbiological analysis were collected before (baseline) and 60 days after a basic periodontal therapy from 30 non-adjacent affected sites (Probing Depth (PD): 5-7 mm, Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) ≥ 5 mm, positive for Bleeding on Probing (BOP)). Microbiological analysis was performed by PCR and qPCR. To allow a comparative analysis between both methods, qPCR was divided in three different scores (score 2: presence of more than 100 bacteria; score 1: presence of 10-100 bacteria, and score 0: absence of bacteria), in accordance to DNA quantity, while for PCR two scores were assigned: presence or absence of bacteria. Results: qPCR demonstrated higher sensitivity in the detection of these pathogens compared with PCR when scores 1 and 2 were considered positive. However, when only score 2 was considered positive, PCR and qPCR showed better agreement. Conclusions: qPCR demonstrated higher sensitivity than conventional PCR for detection of low numbers of microorganisms and can be useful for the quantification of periodontopathogens. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bacteria , Chronic Periodontitis , Periodontal Diseases , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
La medicina periodontal es un área de importancia actual por relacionar enfermedades sistémicas a patologías periodontales. Se han realizado estudios con el propósito de verificar esta relación, y por eso, la literatura viene enfocando a la cavidad bucal como un importante instrumento en el diagnóstico precoz de patologías sistémicas, como en el caso de la diabetes mellitus. Para poder sospechar de un cuadro diabético, los odontólogos deben observar manifestaciones clínicas como abscesos periodontales recurrentes, necrosis de la encía marginal y aumento de la predisposición a infecciones. Una vez observadas estas condiciones, el odontólogo deberá solicitar los exámenes necesarios para el diagnóstico de la diabetes y entonces encaminar al paciente para su tratamiento médico. Considerando la importancia del diagnóstico precoz nos propusimos en el presente artículo revisar los estudios que investigan esta posible correlación, buscando presentar las principales alteraciones clínicas y sistémicas de los pacientes portadores de esas patologías, para mejor esclarecer a los profesionales clínicos de cómo proceder en relación al control metabólico de los pacientes (exámenes de sangre) y que conducta clínica es la más adecuada.
The periodontal medicine is an area that has been receiving importance, due the association between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions. Studies have been conducted in order to verify this relationship, and that is why literature has been focusing on the oral cavity as an important tool in the early diagnosis of systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Then the literature have been focused the oral cavity which an important instrument of early diagnosis about some systemic pathologies such as diabetes mellitus. In front of the suspect of diabetes conditions, many oral healthy complications have been observed by health care that include recurrent periodontal abscess, gingival marginal necrosis and high susceptibility to infections. Once these conditions were observed, the surgeon dentist should request the necessary exams for the diagnosis of the diabetes and then to direct the patient for medical treatment. In front of such considerations, we set out in this article to review studies that investigated the possible correlation, seeking to present major alterations clinics and systemic patients with these diseases, to better clarify the clinical practitioners on how to proceed in relation to metabolic control of patients (blood tests) and clinical behavior is the most appropriate.